不锈钢钣金加工的工艺流程介绍
发布日期：2016-01-18 浏览次数：次文章来源：未知 作者：北京不锈钢
导读：北京怡丰源达不锈钢装饰工程有限公司是集销售与设计、加工、制作、安装为一体的钣金加工厂。本公司在 北京不锈钢加工 、不锈钢工程上始终坚持以人为本、质量兴业、用户至上的服务宗旨，以独到的设计风格、精良的施工质量、规范的工程监控体系、完善的服务标
北京怡丰源达不锈钢装饰工程有限公司是集销售与设计、加工、制作、安装为一体的钣金加工厂。本公司在北京不锈钢加工、不锈钢工程上始终坚持以人为本、质量兴业、用户至上的服务宗旨，以独到的设计风格、精良的施工质量、规范的工程监控体系、完善的服务标准，竭诚为客户提供最完善、最合理的服务。联系电话：13718106922 冯经理。
按钣金件的基本加工方式，如下料、折弯、拉伸、成型、焊接。 本规范阐述每一种加工方式所要注意的工艺要求。
图纸到手后，根据展开图及批量的不同选择不同落料方式，其中有激光，数控冲床，剪板，模具等方式，然后根据图纸做出相应的展开。数控冲床受刀具方面的影响，对于一些异形工件和不规则孔的加工，在边缘会出现较大的毛刺，要进行后期去毛刺的处理，同时对工件的精度有一定的影响；激光加工无刀具限制，断面平整，适合异形工件的加工，但对于小工件加工耗时较长。在数控和激光旁放置工作台，利于板料放置在机器上进行加工，减少抬板的工作量。一些可以利用的边料放置在指定的地方，为折弯时试模提供材料。在工件落料后，边角、毛刺、接点要进行必要的修整（打磨处理），在刀具接点处，用平锉刀进行修整，对于毛刺较大的工件用打磨机进行修整，小内孔接点处用相对应的小锉刀修整，以保证外观的美观，同时外形的修整也为折弯时定位作出了保证，使折弯时工件靠在折弯机上位置一致，保障同批产品尺寸的一致。
在落料完成后，进入下道工序，不同的工件根据加工的要求进入相应的工序。有折弯，压铆，翻边攻丝，点焊，打凸包，段差，有时在折弯一两道后要将螺母或螺柱压好，其中有模具打凸包和段差的地方要考虑先加工，以免其它工序先加工后会发生干涉，不能完成需要的加工。在上盖或下壳上有卡勾时，如折弯后不能碰焊要在折弯之前加工好。
折弯时要首先要根据图纸上的尺寸，材料厚度确定折弯时用的刀具和刀槽，避免产品与刀具相碰撞引起变形是上模选用的关键（在同一个产品中，可能会用到不同型号的上模），下模的选用根据板材的厚度来确定。其次是确定折弯的先后顺序，折弯一般规律是先内后外，先小后大，先特殊后普通。有要压死边的工件首先将工件折弯到30°—40°，然后用整平模将工件压死。
压铆时，要考虑螺柱的高度选择相同不同的模具，然后对压力机的压力进行调整，以保证螺柱和工件表面平齐，避免螺柱没压牢或压出超过工件面，造成工件报废。
焊接有氩弧焊，点焊，二氧化碳保护焊，手工电弧焊等，点焊首先要考虑工件焊接的位置，在批量生产时考虑做定位工装保证点焊位置准确。
为了焊接牢固，在要焊接的工件上打凸点，可以使凸点在通电焊接前与平板均匀接触，以保证各点加热的一致，同时也可以确定焊接位置， 同样的，要进行焊接，要调好预压时间，保压时间，维持时间，休止时间，保证工件可以点焊牢固。点焊后在工件表面会出现焊疤，要用平磨机进行处理，亚弧焊主要用于两工件较大，又要连接在一起时，或者一个工件的边角处理，达到工件表面的平整，光滑。亚弧焊时产生的热量易使工件变形，焊接后要用打磨机和平磨机进行处理，特别是边角方面较多。
工件在折弯，压铆等工序完成后要进行表面处理，不同板材表面的处理方式不同，冷板加工后一般进行表面电镀，电镀完后不进行喷涂处理，采用的是进行磷化处理，磷化处理后要进行喷涂处理。电镀板类表面清洗，脱脂，然后进行喷涂。不锈钢板（有镜面板，雾面板，拉丝板）是在折弯前进行可以进行拉丝处理，不用喷涂，如需喷涂要进行打毛处理；铝板一般采用氧化处理，根据喷涂不同的颜色选择不同的氧化底色，常用的有黑色和本色氧化；铝板需喷涂的进行铬酸盐氧化处理后喷涂。表面前处理这样做可以使清洁表面，显着提高涂膜附着力，能成倍提高涂膜的耐蚀力。清洗的流程先清洗工件，先将工件挂在流水线上，首先经过清洗溶液中（合金去油粉），然后进入清水中，其次经过喷淋区，再经过烘干区，最后将工件从流水线上取下。
在表面前处理后，进入喷涂工序，在工件要求装配后喷涂时，牙或部分导电孔需保护处理，牙孔可查入软胶棒或拧入螺钉，需导电保护的要用高温胶带贴上，大批量的做定位工装来定位保护，这样喷涂时不会喷到工件内部，在工件外表面能看到的螺母（翻边）孔处用螺钉保护，以免喷涂后工件螺母（翻边）孔处需要回牙。一些批量大的工件还用到工装保护；工件不装配喷涂时，不需要喷涂的区域用耐高温胶带和纸片挡住，一些露在外面的螺母（螺柱）孔用螺钉或耐高温橡胶保护。如工件双面喷涂，用同样方法保护螺母（螺柱）孔；小工件用铅丝或曲别针等物品窜在一起后喷涂；一些工件表面要求高，在喷涂前要进行刮灰处理；一些工件在接地符处用专用耐高温贴纸保护。在进行喷涂时，首先工件挂在流水线上，用气管吹去表面的粘上的灰尘。进入喷涂区喷涂，喷完后顺着流水线进入到烘干区，最后从流水线上取下喷涂好的工件。其中还有手工喷涂和自动喷涂两类，这样采用的工装就不同了。
在喷涂之后进入装配工序，装配前，要将原来喷涂中用的保护贴纸撕去，确定零件内螺纹孔没有被撒进漆或粉，在整个过程中，要戴上手套，避免手上灰尘附在工件上，有些工件还要用气枪吹干净。装配好之后就进入包装环节了，工件检查后装入专用的包装袋中进行保护，一些没有专用包装的工件用气泡膜等进行包装，在包装前先将气泡膜裁成可以包装工件的大小，以免一面包装一面裁，影响加工速度；批量大的可定做专用纸箱或气泡袋、胶垫、托盘、木箱等。包装好后放入纸箱，然后在纸箱上贴上相应成品或半成品标签。
钣金件的质量除在生产制程中严格要求外，就是需要独立于生产的品质检验，一是按图纸严格把关尺寸，二是严格把关外观质量，对尺寸不符者进行返修或报废处理，外观不允许碰划伤，喷涂后的色差、耐蚀性、附着力等进行检验。这样可以找到展开图错误，制程中的不良习惯，制程中的错误，如数冲编程错误，模具错误等。文章来源：（http://www.yfyd360.com ）
Beijing Yi Feng Yuan Da stainless steel decoration Engineering Co., Ltd. is a set sales and design, processing, production, installation as one of the sheet metal processing factory. The company in Beijing stainless steel processing, stainless steel engineering has always adhere to the people-oriented, quality, customer first service purposes, with a unique design style, excellent facilities
Work quality, standard engineering monitoring system, perfect service standards, dedicated to provide customers with the most perfect, the most reasonable service. Tel: 13718106922 Feng manager.
According to the basic processing of sheet metal parts, the following materials, bending, stretching, forming, welding. This specification describes each processing mode should pay attention to the process requirements.
After drawing the hand, according to the start of the map and the volume of different choice of different materials, including laser, CNC punch, shear plate, mold, etc., and then make the corresponding expansion according to the drawings. CNC punching machine by the impact of the tool, for some special shaped workpiece and irregular hole machining, the edge will appear larger
Burr, late deburring processing. At the same time, the precision of the workpiece has certain influence; laser processing without limit of the cutting tool and flat section, suitable for irregular workpieces processing, but for small workpiece is time-consuming. In the numerical control and laser side placed on the table, which is conducive to the plate placed on the machine for processing, reduce
Lifting plate load. Some can use the material placed in the designated place, provide materials for bending test. In the blanking workpiece, edges, burrs, and contact to were necessary dressing (polished), at the junction of the tool, use a flat file trimming, for burr larger workpiece with grinding machine repair
, small contact holes should be relatively small file trimming, to ensure the appearance of beautiful, also shape the dressing also for bending positioning assurances, bending workpiece by consistent position on the bending machine, products from the same batch size consistent with the security.
Upon completion of the blanking, into the next process, different parts according to the requirements of the processing into the corresponding process. A bending, pressure riveting, flange tapping, spot welding, convex hull, difference, sometimes in bending one or two must be nuts or studs well pressure, which has mold hit convex hull and a place to consider first processing, lest
Other working procedures will interfere with the processing, can not complete the required processing. When the upper cover or the lower shell is provided with a clamping hook, the welding machine can not be touched to be welded after bending.
To avoid bending should be the first to according to the drawings on the size and the thickness of the material to determine the bending with the tool and cutter groove, products and tool collision deformation caused by is mold selected key (in the same product, may use different types of upper die), mode selection according to the thickness of the plate to determine. The second is true
The order of the bending and bending, the general rule is the first inside and outside, the first small after the big, first special after the general. Have to edge the workpiece on workpiece bending to 30 degrees, 40 degrees, and then the workpiece crushed with leveling die.
Pressure riveting, to consider the height of stud to choose the same different mold, then the pressure on the press adjusted to ensure the stud and the workpiece surface flush, avoid stud no pressure in prison or press over the workpiece surface, causing workpiece scrapped.
Welding with argon arc welding, spot welding, carbon dioxide arc welding, manual arc welding and so on, spot welding should first consider the location of the workpiece welding, in mass production, consider making the positioning tool to ensure accurate spot welding position.
To welding firm, on the workpiece to be welded hit bump, bump in energized before welding and flat uniform contact, to ensure a uniform heating of each point. At the same time, it can determine the position of welding, the same to welding, to adjust the preloading time, holding pressure time, maintenance time, rest time, ensure workpiece
Firmly to spot welding. After spot welding on the surface of the workpiece will appear welding scar, flat grinding machine used for processing and sub arc welding is mainly used for two workpiece is larger, but also connected together, or a workpiece edge angle processing, achieve the flatness of workpiece surface, smooth. The heat produced in the sub arc welding is easy to deform the workpiece, and the welding is to be used after welding.
Mill and mill for processing, especially in the side corner.
Workpiece in bending and pressure riveting process is completed to surface treatment, sheet with different surface treated in a different way, cold plate processing generally surface plating, electroplating after spraying, the is phosphating treatment and phosphating treatment to spray processing. Electroplating plate type surface cleaning, skim, ran
After spraying. Stainless steel plate (with a mirror panel, fog panel, drawing board) is in front of the bending drawing can be processed and do not spray, such as the need to spray to beat hair treatment; aluminum by oxidation treatment, according to different oxidative color choice different color spraying, commonly used are black and ecru oxidation;
The need for spraying aluminum chromate oxidation coating. Surface pre-treatment to do so can make the cleaning surface, significantly improve the film adhesion, can increase the corrosion resistance of the coating. The cleaning process before cleaning the workpiece, the workpiece hanging on the assembly line, first through the cleaning solution (alloy degreasing powder), and then into the
Into the water, followed by the spray area, and then through the drying area, and finally removed the workpiece from the assembly line.
After the surface pretreatment, into the spraying process, in the requirements of the workpiece assembly after spraying, teeth or partially conductive holes need the protection of the and documented of the tooth hole into the soft rod or screw in the screw, conductive protection to paste with high temperature adhesive tape on, large quantities of do
按钣金件的基本加工方式，如下料、折弯、拉伸、成型、焊接。 本规范阐述每一种加工方式所要注意的工艺要求。
图纸到手后，根据展开图及批量的不同选择不同落料方式，其中有激光，数控冲床，剪板，模具等方式，然后根据图纸做出相应的展开。数控冲床受刀具方面的影响，对于一些异形工件和不规则孔的加工，在边缘会出现较大的毛刺，要进行后期去毛刺的处理，同时对工件的精度有一定的影响；激光加工无刀具限制，断面平整，适合异形工件的加工，但对于小工件加工耗时较长。在数控和激光旁放置工作台，利于板料放置在机器上进行加工，减少抬板的工作量。一些可以利用的边料放置在指定的地方，为折弯时试模提供材料。在工件落料后，边角、毛刺、接点要进行必要的修整（打磨处理），在刀具接点处，用平锉刀进行修整，对于毛刺较大的工件用打磨机进行修整，小内孔接点处用相对应的小锉刀修整，以保证外观的美观，同时外形的修整也为折弯时定位作出了保证，使折弯时工件靠在折弯机上位置一致，保障同批产品尺寸的一致。
在落料完成后，进入下道工序，不同的工件根据加工的要求进入相应的工序。有折弯，压铆，翻边攻丝，点焊，打凸包，段差，有时在折弯一两道后要将螺母或螺柱压好，其中有模具打凸包和段差的地方要考虑先加工，以免其它工序先加工后会发生干涉，不能完成需要的加工。在上盖或下壳上有卡勾时，如折弯后不能碰焊要在折弯之前加工好。
折弯时要首先要根据图纸上的尺寸，材料厚度确定折弯时用的刀具和刀槽，避免产品与刀具相碰撞引起变形是上模选用的关键（在同一个产品中，可能会用到不同型号的上模），下模的选用根据板材的厚度来确定。其次是确定折弯的先后顺序，折弯一般规律是先内后外，先小后大，先特殊后普通。有要压死边的工件首先将工件折弯到30°—40°，然后用整平模将工件压死。
压铆时，要考虑螺柱的高度选择相同不同的模具，然后对压力机的压力进行调整，以保证螺柱和工件表面平齐，避免螺柱没压牢或压出超过工件面，造成工件报废。
焊接有氩弧焊，点焊，二氧化碳保护焊，手工电弧焊等，点焊首先要考虑工件焊接的位置，在批量生产时考虑做定位工装保证点焊位置准确。
为了焊接牢固，在要焊接的工件上打凸点，可以使凸点在通电焊接前与平板均匀接触，以保证各点加热的一致，同时也可以确定焊接位置， 同样的，要进行焊接，要调好预压时间，保压时间，维持时间，休止时间，保证工件可以点焊牢固。点焊后在工件表面会出现焊疤，要用平磨机进行处理，亚弧焊主要用于两工件较大，又要连接在一起时，或者一个工件的边角处理，达到工件表面的平整，光滑。亚弧焊时产生的热量易使工件变形，焊接后要用打磨机和平磨机进行处理，特别是边角方面较多。
工件在折弯，压铆等工序完成后要进行表面处理，不同板材表面的处理方式不同，冷板加工后一般进行表面电镀，电镀完后不进行喷涂处理，采用的是进行磷化处理，磷化处理后要进行喷涂处理。电镀板类表面清洗，脱脂，然后进行喷涂。不锈钢板（有镜面板，雾面板，拉丝板）是在折弯前进行可以进行拉丝处理，不用喷涂，如需喷涂要进行打毛处理；铝板一般采用氧化处理，根据喷涂不同的颜色选择不同的氧化底色，常用的有黑色和本色氧化；铝板需喷涂的进行铬酸盐氧化处理后喷涂。表面前处理这样做可以使清洁表面，显着提高涂膜附着力，能成倍提高涂膜的耐蚀力。清洗的流程先清洗工件，先将工件挂在流水线上，首先经过清洗溶液中（合金去油粉），然后进入清水中，其次经过喷淋区，再经过烘干区，最后将工件从流水线上取下。
在表面前处理后，进入喷涂工序，在工件要求装配后喷涂时，牙或部分导电孔需保护处理，牙孔可查入软胶棒或拧入螺钉，需导电保护的要用高温胶带贴上，大批量的做定位工装来定位保护，这样喷涂时不会喷到工件内部，在工件外表面能看到的螺母（翻边）孔处用螺钉保护，以免喷涂后工件螺母（翻边）孔处需要回牙。一些批量大的工件还用到工装保护；工件不装配喷涂时，不需要喷涂的区域用耐高温胶带和纸片挡住，一些露在外面的螺母（螺柱）孔用螺钉或耐高温橡胶保护。如工件双面喷涂，用同样方法保护螺母（螺柱）孔；小工件用铅丝或曲别针等物品窜在一起后喷涂；一些工件表面要求高，在喷涂前要进行刮灰处理；一些工件在接地符处用专用耐高温贴纸保护。在进行喷涂时，首先工件挂在流水线上，用气管吹去表面的粘上的灰尘。进入喷涂区喷涂，喷完后顺着流水线进入到烘干区，最后从流水线上取下喷涂好的工件。其中还有手工喷涂和自动喷涂两类，这样采用的工装就不同了。
在喷涂之后进入装配工序，装配前，要将原来喷涂中用的保护贴纸撕去，确定零件内螺纹孔没有被撒进漆或粉，在整个过程中，要戴上手套，避免手上灰尘附在工件上，有些工件还要用气枪吹干净。装配好之后就进入包装环节了，工件检查后装入专用的包装袋中进行保护，一些没有专用包装的工件用气泡膜等进行包装，在包装前先将气泡膜裁成可以包装工件的大小，以免一面包装一面裁，影响加工速度；批量大的可定做专用纸箱或气泡袋、胶垫、托盘、木箱等。包装好后放入纸箱，然后在纸箱上贴上相应成品或半成品标签。
钣金件的质量除在生产制程中严格要求外，就是需要独立于生产的品质检验，一是按图纸严格把关尺寸，二是严格把关外观质量，对尺寸不符者进行返修或报废处理，外观不允许碰划伤，喷涂后的色差、耐蚀性、附着力等进行检验。这样可以找到展开图错误，制程中的不良习惯，制程中的错误，如数冲编程错误，模具错误等。文章来源：（http://www.yfyd360.com ）
Beijing Yi Feng Yuan Da stainless steel decoration Engineering Co., Ltd. is a set sales and design, processing, production, installation as one of the sheet metal processing factory. The company in Beijing stainless steel processing, stainless steel engineering has always adhere to the people-oriented, quality, customer first service purposes, with a unique design style, excellent facilities
Work quality, standard engineering monitoring system, perfect service standards, dedicated to provide customers with the most perfect, the most reasonable service. Tel: 13718106922 Feng manager.
According to the basic processing of sheet metal parts, the following materials, bending, stretching, forming, welding. This specification describes each processing mode should pay attention to the process requirements.
After drawing the hand, according to the start of the map and the volume of different choice of different materials, including laser, CNC punch, shear plate, mold, etc., and then make the corresponding expansion according to the drawings. CNC punching machine by the impact of the tool, for some special shaped workpiece and irregular hole machining, the edge will appear larger
Burr, late deburring processing. At the same time, the precision of the workpiece has certain influence; laser processing without limit of the cutting tool and flat section, suitable for irregular workpieces processing, but for small workpiece is time-consuming. In the numerical control and laser side placed on the table, which is conducive to the plate placed on the machine for processing, reduce
Lifting plate load. Some can use the material placed in the designated place, provide materials for bending test. In the blanking workpiece, edges, burrs, and contact to were necessary dressing (polished), at the junction of the tool, use a flat file trimming, for burr larger workpiece with grinding machine repair
, small contact holes should be relatively small file trimming, to ensure the appearance of beautiful, also shape the dressing also for bending positioning assurances, bending workpiece by consistent position on the bending machine, products from the same batch size consistent with the security.
Upon completion of the blanking, into the next process, different parts according to the requirements of the processing into the corresponding process. A bending, pressure riveting, flange tapping, spot welding, convex hull, difference, sometimes in bending one or two must be nuts or studs well pressure, which has mold hit convex hull and a place to consider first processing, lest
Other working procedures will interfere with the processing, can not complete the required processing. When the upper cover or the lower shell is provided with a clamping hook, the welding machine can not be touched to be welded after bending.
To avoid bending should be the first to according to the drawings on the size and the thickness of the material to determine the bending with the tool and cutter groove, products and tool collision deformation caused by is mold selected key (in the same product, may use different types of upper die), mode selection according to the thickness of the plate to determine. The second is true
The order of the bending and bending, the general rule is the first inside and outside, the first small after the big, first special after the general. Have to edge the workpiece on workpiece bending to 30 degrees, 40 degrees, and then the workpiece crushed with leveling die.
Pressure riveting, to consider the height of stud to choose the same different mold, then the pressure on the press adjusted to ensure the stud and the workpiece surface flush, avoid stud no pressure in prison or press over the workpiece surface, causing workpiece scrapped.
Welding with argon arc welding, spot welding, carbon dioxide arc welding, manual arc welding and so on, spot welding should first consider the location of the workpiece welding, in mass production, consider making the positioning tool to ensure accurate spot welding position.
To welding firm, on the workpiece to be welded hit bump, bump in energized before welding and flat uniform contact, to ensure a uniform heating of each point. At the same time, it can determine the position of welding, the same to welding, to adjust the preloading time, holding pressure time, maintenance time, rest time, ensure workpiece
Firmly to spot welding. After spot welding on the surface of the workpiece will appear welding scar, flat grinding machine used for processing and sub arc welding is mainly used for two workpiece is larger, but also connected together, or a workpiece edge angle processing, achieve the flatness of workpiece surface, smooth. The heat produced in the sub arc welding is easy to deform the workpiece, and the welding is to be used after welding.
Mill and mill for processing, especially in the side corner.
Workpiece in bending and pressure riveting process is completed to surface treatment, sheet with different surface treated in a different way, cold plate processing generally surface plating, electroplating after spraying, the is phosphating treatment and phosphating treatment to spray processing. Electroplating plate type surface cleaning, skim, ran
After spraying. Stainless steel plate (with a mirror panel, fog panel, drawing board) is in front of the bending drawing can be processed and do not spray, such as the need to spray to beat hair treatment; aluminum by oxidation treatment, according to different oxidative color choice different color spraying, commonly used are black and ecru oxidation;
The need for spraying aluminum chromate oxidation coating. Surface pre-treatment to do so can make the cleaning surface, significantly improve the film adhesion, can increase the corrosion resistance of the coating. The cleaning process before cleaning the workpiece, the workpiece hanging on the assembly line, first through the cleaning solution (alloy degreasing powder), and then into the
Into the water, followed by the spray area, and then through the drying area, and finally removed the workpiece from the assembly line.
After the surface pretreatment, into the spraying process, in the requirements of the workpiece assembly after spraying, teeth or partially conductive holes need the protection of the and documented of the tooth hole into the soft rod or screw in the screw, conductive protection to paste with high temperature adhesive tape on, large quantities of do
